来源：生态环境部

加强(qiang)生(sheng)物多(duo)样性保(bao)护(hu)

共建地球生命共同体(ti)

生态环境(jing)部(bu)党组书记(ji) 孙金龙

生态环境部部长 黄(huang)润秋

2021年10月12日(ri)，习(xi)近平主席在《生物(wu)多样性(xing)公约(yue)》第十五次缔(di)约(yue)方大会（COP15）领(ling)导人(ren)峰会上以视(shi)频方式发表(biao)主旨讲话，站在促进(jin)人(ren)类(lei)(lei)可持(chi)(chi)续(xu)发展(zhan)和(he)共建人(ren)类(lei)(lei)命运共同体的(de)(de)高度，深(shen)刻阐释保护生物(wu)多样性(xing)、共建地球生命共同体的(de)(de)重(zhong)大意义(yi)，明确提出开启人(ren)类(lei)(lei)高质量(liang)发展(zhan)新(xin)征程的(de)(de)重(zhong)大主张，郑重(zhong)宣(xuan)布我(wo)国(guo)(guo)将持(chi)(chi)续(xu)推进(jin)生态文明建设的(de)(de)务实(shi)举(ju)措(cuo)，充(chong)分体现了大国(guo)(guo)领(ling)袖的(de)(de)世界视(shi)野和(he)天(tian)下情怀，充(chong)分彰(zhang)显了我(wo)国(guo)(guo)作(zuo)为(wei)全球生态文明建设参与者(zhe)、贡献(xian)者(zhe)、引领(ling)者(zhe)的(de)(de)积极作(zuo)为(wei)和(he)历史担(dan)当。近日(ri)，中(zhong)共中(zhong)央办公厅、国(guo)(guo)务院办公厅印发《关于进(jin)一(yi)步加强生物(wu)多样性(xing)保护的(de)(de)意见》。必须深(shen)入(ru)学习(xi)领(ling)会习(xi)近平主席重(zhong)要讲话精(jing)神，按照党(dang)中(zhong)央、国(guo)(guo)务院决策部署(shu)，持(chi)(chi)续(xu)加强生态文明建设和(he)生物(wu)多样性(xing)保护，为(wei)共建万(wan)物(wu)和(he)谐的(de)(de)美丽家园贡献(xian)中(zhong)国(guo)(guo)智(zhi)慧(hui)和(he)中(zhong)国(guo)(guo)力(li)量(liang)。

　　一、深入学习贯彻习近平主席重要讲话精神

　　习(xi)近平主(zhu)(zhu)席在COP15领导人峰(feng)会上(shang)的(de)重要(yao)讲话，高举共建地球(qiu)生(sheng)命共同体的(de)旗帜，全面(mian)阐释了(le)我(wo)国推(tui)进(jin)全球(qiu)生(sheng)态文明(ming)建设(she)(she)的(de)理(li)念、主(zhu)(zhu)张和行(xing)动，为推(tui)进(jin)全球(qiu)生(sheng)态文明(ming)建设(she)(she)注入信(xin)心，为未来全球(qiu)生(sheng)物多样性治理(li)指明(ming)方向，为共同建设(she)(she)清(qing)洁美丽的(de)世界擘画蓝图，必将产生(sheng)重大(da)深远的(de)世界影(ying)响。

　　深(shen)刻把握构(gou)建(jian)人(ren)(ren)与(yu)(yu)自(zi)然和(he)(he)谐(xie)共生(sheng)(sheng)、经济(ji)与(yu)(yu)环(huan)境(jing)协同共进(jin)、世界各(ge)(ge)国共同发(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)“地球家(jia)园”三重愿景(jing)。生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)多(duo)(duo)样(yang)(yang)性是人(ren)(ren)类(lei)赖以生(sheng)(sheng)存和(he)(he)发(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)基础，在(zai)2011—2020年全(quan)(quan)球生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)多(duo)(duo)样(yang)(yang)性目(mu)标(biao)(biao)（“爱知(zhi)目(mu)标(biao)(biao)”）中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，20个目(mu)标(biao)(biao)只有6个目(mu)标(biao)(biao)部分实现的(de)(de)(de)背(bei)景(jing)下，COP15系(xi)统总结(jie)国际社会(hui)在(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)多(duo)(duo)样(yang)(yang)性保(bao)护方面的(de)(de)(de)经验，为(wei)全(quan)(quan)球生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)多(duo)(duo)样(yang)(yang)性保(bao)护描绘新的(de)(de)(de)蓝图，对于遏制并扭转生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)多(duo)(duo)样(yang)(yang)性丧失趋势、促进(jin)全(quan)(quan)球可持续(xu)发(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)至关重要(yao)。构(gou)建(jian)“地球家(jia)园”的(de)(de)(de)三重愿景(jing)将自(zi)然生(sheng)(sheng)态与(yu)(yu)经济(ji)发(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)、人(ren)(ren)类(lei)福祉有机融合(he)在(zai)一起，深(shen)刻诠释了本(ben)次大(da)(da)会(hui)的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)题“生(sheng)(sheng)态文明：共建(jian)地球生(sheng)(sheng)命共同体”，为(wei)全(quan)(quan)球生(sheng)(sheng)态和(he)(he)环(huan)境(jing)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)明确了方向(xiang)和(he)(he)路径(jing)，也与(yu)(yu)联合(he)国可持续(xu)发(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)目(mu)标(biao)(biao)高(gao)度契(qi)合(he)，集中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)体现了中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国理(li)念和(he)(he)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国智慧。习近平主(zhu)席(xi)还引(yin)用中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国传统文化中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)态理(li)念，“万物(wu)各(ge)(ge)得其和(he)(he)以生(sheng)(sheng)，各(ge)(ge)得其养以成”，提醒我们要(yao)深(shen)怀对自(zi)然的(de)(de)(de)敬畏之心，尊重自(zi)然、顺应自(zi)然、保(bao)护自(zi)然，改变(bian)传统的(de)(de)(de)“大(da)(da)量(liang)生(sheng)(sheng)产(chan)、大(da)(da)量(liang)消耗、大(da)(da)量(liang)排放”的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)产(chan)模(mo)式和(he)(he)消费(fei)模(mo)式，避(bi)免走先污(wu)染后治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)老路，坚定(ding)不移走生(sheng)(sheng)产(chan)发(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)、生(sheng)(sheng)活富裕(yu)、生(sheng)(sheng)态良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)文明发(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)道(dao)路。

　　深刻把握“人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)类(lei)高(gao)质(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)发(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)”的(de)(de)(de)理念和(he)(he)“开启(qi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)类(lei)高(gao)质(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)发(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)新征程(cheng)”的(de)(de)(de)四点主张。当(dang)前，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)类(lei)正(zheng)面临来自(zi)(zi)(zi)诸如新冠肺炎(yan)疫情、环境污(wu)染、气(qi)候变(bian)化、生(sheng)态系(xi)统退化和(he)(he)生(sheng)物多(duo)样(yang)性(xing)丧失等困难(nan)和(he)(he)挑(tiao)战，站在(zai)(zai)保护生(sheng)物多(duo)样(yang)性(xing)、实现全(quan)(quan)球(qiu)可(ke)持续(xu)发(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)重要关(guan)口。习(xi)近平(ping)主席(xi)着眼应对(dui)全(quan)(quan)球(qiu)性(xing)挑(tiao)战、促进共同发(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)繁荣，首次提出了“人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)类(lei)高(gao)质(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)发(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)”这(zhei)一(yi)命(ming)题和(he)(he)“开启(qi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)类(lei)高(gao)质(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)发(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)新征程(cheng)”四点主张：以生(sheng)态文明建(jian)设为(wei)引领，协(xie)调人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)与自(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)关(guan)系(xi)；以绿色转型为(wei)驱(qu)动，助力全(quan)(quan)球(qiu)可(ke)持续(xu)发(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)；以人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民福祉为(wei)中(zhong)心，促进社(she)会公平(ping)正(zheng)义；以国际法(fa)为(wei)基(ji)础，维(wei)护公平(ping)合理的(de)(de)(de)国际治(zhi)理体系(xi)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)类(lei)高(gao)质(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)发(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)理应是(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)与自(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)关(guan)系(xi)和(he)(he)谐(xie)的(de)(de)(de)发(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，绿色、低碳的(de)(de)(de)发(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)民福祉和(he)(he)社(she)会公平(ping)正(zheng)义不断增强的(de)(de)(de)发(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，国际治(zhi)理体系(xi)更加公平(ping)合理的(de)(de)(de)发(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。“开启(qi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)类(lei)高(gao)质(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)发(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)新征程(cheng)”的(de)(de)(de)四点主张与习(xi)近平(ping)主席(xi)在(zai)(zai)第七十六(liu)届(jie)联(lian)合国大会一(yi)般(ban)性(xing)辩论上提出的(de)(de)(de)“全(quan)(quan)球(qiu)发(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)倡(chang)议”一(yi)脉相(xiang)承，进一(yi)步描(miao)绘了未来高(gao)质(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)发(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)“路线图(tu)”，为(wei)国际社(she)会应对(dui)当(dang)前挑(tiao)战提供了中(zhong)国方案。

深刻把(ba)握我(wo)国协同推进生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)多(duo)样(yang)性(xing)保(bao)护(hu)和应对(dui)气候(hou)(hou)变(bian)(bian)化三方(fang)面举措。作(zuo)为COP15东道国，习近平主席宣布：中(zhong)国将率先出资15亿元人民币，成立昆明生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)多(duo)样(yang)性(xing)基(ji)金(jin)，支持发展(zhan)中(zhong)国家生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)多(duo)样(yang)性(xing)保(bao)护(hu)事(shi)业；正式设立第一(yi)批5个国家公园；出台碳(tan)达峰(feng)、碳(tan)中(zhong)和“1+N”政策(ce)体(ti)系(xi)(xi)。应对(dui)气候(hou)(hou)变(bian)(bian)化和生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)多(duo)样(yang)性(xing)保(bao)护(hu)，两者密不可(ke)分、相(xiang)辅相(xiang)成。有效应对(dui)气候(hou)(hou)变(bian)(bian)化，可(ke)以减(jian)缓(huan)全球升温，降(jiang)低(di)由于极端(duan)天气增(zeng)多(duo)、气象及自然灾害频发带来的(de)生(sheng)态系(xi)(xi)统退(tui)化和物(wu)(wu)种(zhong)灭绝风险。加(jia)(jia)强生(sheng)态系(xi)(xi)统保(bao)护(hu)修(xiu)复，遏制生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)多(duo)样(yang)性(xing)丧失，提升生(sheng)态系(xi)(xi)统质(zhi)量(liang)和稳定性(xing)，也有助于从(cong)整体(ti)上改善(shan)环境(jing)质(zhi)量(liang)、增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)碳(tan)汇功能、减(jian)缓(huan)气候(hou)(hou)变(bian)(bian)化，增(zeng)强适应气候(hou)(hou)变(bian)(bian)化能力(li)(li)。这三方(fang)面务实而有力(li)(li)度的(de)举措，展(zhan)示了我(wo)国同国际(ji)社会(hui)一(yi)道推动全球生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)多(duo)样(yang)性(xing)治理迈上新(xin)台阶、共建地球生(sheng)命共同体(ti)的(de)雄心与(yu)行动，将有力(li)(li)引导各方(fang)调(diao)动更多(duo)资源、采取(qu)务实举措，共同建设清(qing)洁美丽的(de)世界。

　　二、我国生(sheng)物多样性(xing)保护取得历(li)史性(xing)成就

　　我(wo)国(guo)作(zuo)为世界上(shang)生物多(duo)样(yang)(yang)性最丰富的(de)国(guo)家之一，将(jiang)生物多(duo)样(yang)(yang)性保护(hu)上(shang)升为国(guo)家战略，成立(li)中国(guo)生物多(duo)样(yang)(yang)性保护(hu)国(guo)家委员会(hui)，建立(li)国(guo)家生物安(an)全工作(zuo)协调机(ji)制，秉(bing)持(chi)生态文明理念(nian)，坚持(chi)保护(hu)优先、绿色(se)发展，形成政(zheng)府主导(dao)、全民参与，多(duo)边治理、合作(zuo)共赢的(de)机(ji)制，推动生物多(duo)样(yang)(yang)性保护(hu)不断取得(de)新成效，为应对全球生物多(duo)样(yang)(yang)性挑战作(zuo)出新贡献。

　　生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)态(tai)(tai)(tai)系(xi)统(tong)(tong)持(chi)(chi)续(xu)修(xiu)复(fu)(fu)，野生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)动(dong)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)种群数量持(chi)(chi)续(xu)增(zeng)加(jia)。实(shi)施系(xi)列生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)态(tai)(tai)(tai)保护(hu)(hu)(hu)修(xiu)复(fu)(fu)工程，统(tong)(tong)筹推进山水林(lin)(lin)田湖草沙一体化(hua)保护(hu)(hu)(hu)和(he)(he)系(xi)统(tong)(tong)治理。我国(guo)(guo)森(sen)林(lin)(lin)面积(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)森(sen)林(lin)(lin)蓄积(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)连(lian)续(xu)30年(nian)保持(chi)(chi)“双增(zeng)长(zhang)”。2004年(nian)以来，荒漠化(hua)、沙化(hua)土地(di)面积(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)连(lian)续(xu)3个监(jian)测(ce)期（每5年(nian)一个监(jian)测(ce)期）实(shi)现“双缩(suo)减”。2000—2017年(nian)全(quan)球新增(zeng)的绿化(hua)面积(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)，我国(guo)(guo)贡献比例约(yue)(yue)25%，居世界首位(wei)。2016—2020年(nian)期间，累(lei)计(ji)(ji)整治修(xiu)复(fu)(fu)岸线(xian)1200公里，滨海湿地(di)2.3万公顷。积(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)极推动(dong)建立(li)以国(guo)(guo)家公园(yuan)为主(zhu)体、自(zi)然(ran)保护(hu)(hu)(hu)区为基础、各类自(zi)然(ran)公园(yuan)为补充的自(zi)然(ran)保护(hu)(hu)(hu)地(di)体系(xi)，建立(li)各级(ji)各类自(zi)然(ran)保护(hu)(hu)(hu)地(di)近万处，约(yue)(yue)占陆(lu)域(yu)国(guo)(guo)土面积(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)的18%，90%的陆(lu)地(di)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)态(tai)(tai)(tai)系(xi)统(tong)(tong)类型和(he)(he)71%的国(guo)(guo)家重点保护(hu)(hu)(hu)野生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)动(dong)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)物(wu)(wu)(wu)种得到有效保护(hu)(hu)(hu)。初步(bu)划(hua)定(ding)的全(quan)国(guo)(guo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)态(tai)(tai)(tai)保护(hu)(hu)(hu)红线(xian)面积(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)不低于陆(lu)域(yu)国(guo)(guo)土面积(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)25%，划(hua)定(ding)35个生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多样(yang)性(xing)(xing)(xing)保护(hu)(hu)(hu)优先区域(yu)，野生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)动(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)栖息地(di)空间不断拓展。在(zai)经济最(zui)繁荣的长(zhang)江经济带实(shi)施长(zhang)江十年(nian)禁渔计(ji)(ji)划(hua)，全(quan)力恢复(fu)(fu)长(zhang)江生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多样(yang)性(xing)(xing)(xing)。系(xi)统(tong)(tong)实(shi)施濒危物(wu)(wu)(wu)种拯救(jiu)工程，多种濒危野生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)动(dong)植物(wu)(wu)(wu)得到保护(hu)(hu)(hu)和(he)(he)恢复(fu)(fu)，大(da)熊猫、朱(zhu)鹮、亚洲象、藏羚羊(yang)等珍(zhen)稀(xi)濒危野生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)动(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)种群实(shi)现恢复(fu)(fu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)增(zeng)长(zhang)。

　　政策(ce)法规不(bu)(bu)断健全，保(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)能力和(he)(he)(he)水平显著提升。发布并实(shi)(shi)(shi)施《中(zhong)国(guo)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)多(duo)(duo)样(yang)(yang)性(xing)(xing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)战(zhan)略与(yu)行(xing)(xing)动(dong)计划》（2011—2030年(nian)(nian)），颁布和(he)(he)(he)修订森林法、草(cao)原法、渔业(ye)(ye)法、野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)动(dong)物(wu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)法、环境保(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)法、海洋环境保(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)法、种子法、长(zhang)江(jiang)保(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)法等(deng)20多(duo)(duo)部(bu)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)多(duo)(duo)样(yang)(yang)性(xing)(xing)相关的法律法规，出台《全国(guo)人民(min)代(dai)表(biao)大会(hui)常务委(wei)员会(hui)关于全面禁止非(fei)法野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)动(dong)物(wu)交易、革除滥食野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)动(dong)物(wu)陋习(xi)、切实(shi)(shi)(shi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)障人民(min)群众生(sheng)(sheng)命健康(kang)安全的决定》。修订调整(zheng)国(guo)家重点保(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)动(dong)植物(wu)名录。实(shi)(shi)(shi)施生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)多(duo)(duo)样(yang)(yang)性(xing)(xing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)重大工程，组(zu)织开(kai)展(zhan)全国(guo)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)多(duo)(duo)样(yang)(yang)性(xing)(xing)调查与(yu)评(ping)估，建立(li)完善生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)多(duo)(duo)样(yang)(yang)性(xing)(xing)监(jian)测观测网络，完善生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)多(duo)(duo)样(yang)(yang)性(xing)(xing)调查、观测和(he)(he)(he)评(ping)估等(deng)相关技术和(he)(he)(he)标准体系(xi)。深入实(shi)(shi)(shi)施生(sheng)(sheng)态(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)补偿制度，2016—2020年(nian)(nian)，中(zhong)央财政安排(pai)重点生(sheng)(sheng)态(tai)功能区(qu)转(zhuan)移(yi)支付资金3524亿元(yuan)，为(wei)平衡生(sheng)(sheng)态(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)地(di)区(qu)和(he)(he)(he)生(sheng)(sheng)态(tai)受益地(di)区(qu)之间(jian)的利益关系(xi)发挥了重要作用。对破坏生(sheng)(sheng)态(tai)系(xi)统、物(wu)种和(he)(he)(he)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)遗传资源的行(xing)(xing)为(wei)“零容忍”，将非(fei)法侵占自(zi)(zi)然(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)区(qu)、围湖占湖、毁坏湿地(di)等(deng)行(xing)(xing)为(wei)纳入中(zhong)央生(sheng)(sheng)态(tai)环境保(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)督(du)察范畴，连续(xu)5年(nian)(nian)开(kai)展(zhan)“绿盾”自(zi)(zi)然(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)地(di)强(qiang)化(hua)监(jian)督(du)，实(shi)(shi)(shi)施跨部(bu)门、跨区(qu)域(yu)和(he)(he)(he)跨国(guo)联合执法行(xing)(xing)动(dong)，5000多(duo)(duo)个重点问题得到整(zheng)改。不(bu)(bu)断加(jia)强(qiang)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)多(duo)(duo)样(yang)(yang)性(xing)(xing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)宣传教育，政府加(jia)强(qiang)引导、企(qi)业(ye)(ye)积极行(xing)(xing)动(dong)、公众广泛参与(yu)的行(xing)(xing)动(dong)体系(xi)基(ji)本(ben)形成。

　　生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)资(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)监(jian)管严(yan)格，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)安(an)全(quan)管理(li)能力不(bu)断加(jia)强。把(ba)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)安(an)全(quan)纳入国(guo)家(jia)(jia)安(an)全(quan)体系，颁布(bu)实施生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)安(an)全(quan)法，系统规划(hua)(hua)国(guo)家(jia)(jia)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)安(an)全(quan)风(feng)险(xian)(xian)防(fang)控和治理(li)体系建设，建立健全(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)安(an)全(quan)风(feng)险(xian)(xian)监(jian)测预警、风(feng)险(xian)(xian)调查(cha)(cha)评(ping)估、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)安(an)全(quan)审查(cha)(cha)等(deng)基(ji)本制度。加(jia)快重(zhong)要生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)遗传(chuan)资(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)收(shou)集保存(cun)和利用(yong)(yong)，实施战(zhan)略生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)资(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)计划(hua)(hua)专项，实施一批种(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)质资(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)保护和育(yu)种(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)创新(xin)(xin)项目。加(jia)强对生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)遗传(chuan)资(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)保护、获取、利用(yong)(yong)和惠益分享的(de)(de)管理(li)和监(jian)督(du)，开展重(zhong)要生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)遗传(chuan)资(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)调查(cha)(cha)和保护成效评(ping)估，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)遗传(chuan)资(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)收(shou)集保藏量位(wei)居(ju)世(shi)界前列。近(jin)10年来(lai)，我国(guo)平(ping)均每年发现植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)新(xin)(xin)种(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)约200种(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，占全(quan)球植物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)年增新(xin)(xin)种(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)数的(de)(de)1/10。持(chi)续加(jia)强对外来(lai)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)种(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)入侵(qin)的(de)(de)防(fang)范和应对，完善外来(lai)入侵(qin)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)种(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)防(fang)控制度，建立外来(lai)入侵(qin)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)种(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)防(fang)控部际(ji)协调机制，推动(dong)联防(fang)联控。开展转基(ji)因生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)安(an)全(quan)检测与评(ping)价，严(yan)格规范生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)技术及其产(chan)品的(de)(de)安(an)全(quan)管理(li)，积极推动(dong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)技术有序健康(kang)发展。

深度参与(yu)全(quan)球(qiu)治(zhi)理(li)，合(he)作(zuo)应对生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)样(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)性(xing)丧(sang)失。作(zuo)为(wei)最(zui)早(zao)签署(shu)和(he)批准《生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)样(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)性(xing)公(gong)约》（以下简(jian)称(cheng)《公(gong)约》）的缔约方之(zhi)一，我国(guo)(guo)(guo)坚(jian)定(ding)践行多(duo)(duo)边主义，积(ji)极开展(zhan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)样(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)性(xing)保(bao)护(hu)(hu)国(guo)(guo)(guo)际合(he)作(zuo)，为(wei)推(tui)进全(quan)球(qiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)样(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)性(xing)保(bao)护(hu)(hu)贡(gong)献(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)力量。积(ji)极履行《公(gong)约》及其议(yi)定(ding)书(shu)，“爱知目标”执行情况高于(yu)全(quan)球(qiu)平(ping)均(jun)水平(ping)，已成(cheng)为(wei)全(quan)球(qiu)环境基金最(zui)大的发(fa)展(zhan)中(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)捐资国(guo)(guo)(guo)。成(cheng)立“一带一路(lu)(lu)”绿(lv)色发(fa)展(zhan)国(guo)(guo)(guo)际联盟(meng)，在(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)样(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)性(xing)保(bao)护(hu)(hu)、全(quan)球(qiu)气候(hou)变化治(zhi)理(li)与(yu)绿(lv)色转型(xing)等方面开展(zhan)合(he)作(zuo)。建(jian)设“一带一路(lu)(lu)”生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)态(tai)环保(bao)大数(shu)据服(fu)务平(ping)台(tai)，吸纳100多(duo)(duo)个国(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)样(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)性(xing)相关数(shu)据。在(zai)“南南合(he)作(zuo)”框架下积(ji)极为(wei)发(fa)展(zhan)中(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)保(bao)护(hu)(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)样(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)性(xing)提(ti)供支持，全(quan)球(qiu)80多(duo)(duo)个国(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)受益。成(cheng)功(gong)举办COP15第一阶段会议(yi)，达成(cheng)《昆(kun)明(ming)宣(xuan)言》，为(wei)后(hou)续“2020年(nian)(nian)后(hou)全(quan)球(qiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)样(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)性(xing)框架”磋商提(ti)供了(le)政治(zhi)指引(yin)、凝(ning)聚(ju)了(le)广泛共识，体现了(le)各(ge)国(guo)(guo)(guo)采(cai)取有效行动，扭转当前生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)样(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)性(xing)丧(sang)失，并确保(bao)最(zui)迟在(zai)2030年(nian)(nian)使生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)样(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)性(xing)走上恢复之(zhi)路(lu)(lu)的决(jue)心和(he)意愿，为(wei)全(quan)球(qiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)样(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)性(xing)治(zhi)理(li)注入新动力。

　　三、推动我国(guo)生物多样性(xing)保护(hu)迈上(shang)新台阶　　　

　　在习近(jin)平生态(tai)文明(ming)思想的科学指引下，我国(guo)生物多(duo)样性(xing)保护与时(shi)俱进、创新(xin)发展(zhan)，积累了具有(you)长远指导性(xing)的宝贵经验(yan)。要(yao)继承和(he)发扬好宝贵经验(yan)，不(bu)断创新(xin)工作思路(lu)和(he)举措，推动我国(guo)生物多(duo)样性(xing)保护迈上新(xin)台阶，与国(guo)际(ji)社会共同(tong)开启全(quan)球生物多(duo)样性(xing)治理新(xin)进程。

　　坚(jian)持人(ren)(ren)与自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)和谐(xie)共(gong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，将生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)多样(yang)(yang)性(xing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)作为(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)态(tai)文明建设重(zhong)要内容(rong)。人(ren)(ren)与自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)是(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命共(gong)同体，当人(ren)(ren)类(lei)友好保(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)时，自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)的回报是(shi)慷慨的；当人(ren)(ren)类(lei)粗暴掠夺自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)时，自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)的惩罚是(shi)无情的。一些(xie)过(guo)(guo)度开发利用自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)的惨痛教训表明，必须树立尊重(zhong)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)、顺应自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)、保(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)的生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)态(tai)文明理念，探索人(ren)(ren)与自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)和谐(xie)共(gong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的发展(zhan)(zhan)道路，促进经(jing)济发展(zhan)(zhan)与生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)态(tai)环境保(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)协(xie)调统一。制定(ding)新(xin)时期国家(jia)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)多样(yang)(yang)性(xing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)战略与行动计划，推(tui)动生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)多样(yang)(yang)性(xing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)纳入经(jing)济社会发展(zhan)(zhan)重(zhong)要规划，将生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)多样(yang)(yang)性(xing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)理念融入生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)态(tai)文明全过(guo)(guo)程，坚(jian)持以(yi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)承载力为(wei)基础，加快形(xing)成绿(lv)色发展(zhan)(zhan)方式，倡导绿(lv)色低(di)碳生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活，协(xie)同推(tui)进高水平生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)多样(yang)(yang)性(xing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)和高质量发展(zhan)(zhan)。坚(jian)持保(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)优先、自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)恢复为(wei)主的方针，遵循(xun)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)规律，积极探索基于自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)的解决方案，避(bi)免人(ren)(ren)为(wei)过(guo)(guo)度干(gan)预，对(dui)重(zhong)要生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)态(tai)系统、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)物(wu)种及遗传资(zi)源(yuan)实施有效保(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)，推(tui)动形(xing)成人(ren)(ren)与自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)然(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)和谐(xie)共(gong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)新(xin)格局。

　　坚(jian)持绿(lv)水青山(shan)就是金山(shan)银山(shan)，推动生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)多样(yang)性(xing)保护(hu)与改善(shan)民(min)生(sheng)有机(ji)结(jie)合(he)(he)。良(liang)好的(de)(de)生(sheng)态(tai)环(huan)境既是自(zi)然(ran)财富，也是经济(ji)(ji)财富。保护(hu)生(sheng)态(tai)就是保护(hu)自(zi)然(ran)价(jia)值(zhi)和(he)增值(zhi)自(zi)然(ran)资本，就是保护(hu)经济(ji)(ji)社(she)会发(fa)(fa)展(zhan)潜力和(he)后劲。生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)多样(yang)性(xing)为人类提供(gong)了丰富多样(yang)的(de)(de)生(sheng)产(chan)生(sheng)活必需品(pin)、健(jian)康安(an)全的(de)(de)生(sheng)态(tai)环(huan)境和(he)独特(te)别(bie)致的(de)(de)景(jing)观文化。必须坚(jian)持以人民(min)为中心的(de)(de)发(fa)(fa)展(zhan)思想(xiang)，把加强生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)多样(yang)性(xing)保护(hu)与发(fa)(fa)展(zhan)经济(ji)(ji)、创造就业(ye)、群众增收、美丽乡村建设结(jie)合(he)(he)起(qi)来，推动坚(jian)持生(sheng)态(tai)优(you)先、推动高(gao)质量发(fa)(fa)展(zhan)、创造高(gao)品(pin)质生(sheng)活有机(ji)结(jie)合(he)(he)、相得益彰(zhang)。加快(kuai)推动建立健(jian)全生(sheng)态(tai)产(chan)品(pin)价(jia)值(zhi)实(shi)现机(ji)制，规(gui)范(fan)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)多样(yang)性(xing)友(you)好型(xing)经营活动，让百姓既得到“绿(lv)叶子”，也富裕“钱袋子”，实(shi)现生(sheng)态(tai)保护(hu)、绿(lv)色发(fa)(fa)展(zhan)、民(min)生(sheng)改善(shan)相统一。

　　坚(jian)持(chi)系(xi)统(tong)观(guan)念(nian)，统(tong)筹推进山(shan)水(shui)林田(tian)湖草沙一体(ti)化(hua)(hua)(hua)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)和(he)系(xi)统(tong)治(zhi)(zhi)理。山(shan)水(shui)林田(tian)湖草沙是不可分(fen)割的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)态(tai)(tai)系(xi)统(tong)。必(bi)须按照生(sheng)(sheng)态(tai)(tai)系(xi)统(tong)的(de)(de)(de)整体(ti)性(xing)、系(xi)统(tong)性(xing)及(ji)(ji)内在规(gui)(gui)律(lv)，统(tong)筹考虑自然(ran)生(sheng)(sheng)态(tai)(tai)各要素，进行整体(ti)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)、系(xi)统(tong)修复、综(zong)合治(zhi)(zhi)理，从而达到增强生(sheng)(sheng)态(tai)(tai)系(xi)统(tong)循环能力、维护(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)态(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)衡(heng)的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)。持(chi)续优化(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多样(yang)性(xing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)空间格局，落(luo)实就地(di)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)体(ti)系(xi)，完(wan)善生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多样(yang)性(xing)迁(qian)地(di)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)体(ti)系(xi)。统(tong)筹划定并严守生(sheng)(sheng)态(tai)(tai)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)红(hong)线，优化(hua)(hua)(hua)调整自然(ran)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)地(di)，加(jia)强对生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)多样(yang)性(xing)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)优先区域(yu)的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)监管(guan)。实施《全(quan)(quan)国重要生(sheng)(sheng)态(tai)(tai)系(xi)统(tong)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)和(he)修复重大(da)工程总(zong)体(ti)规(gui)(gui)划（2021—2035年(nian)）》，加(jia)快恢复物(wu)(wu)(wu)种栖息地(di)，加(jia)强重点生(sheng)(sheng)态(tai)(tai)功能区、重要自然(ran)生(sheng)(sheng)态(tai)(tai)系(xi)统(tong)、自然(ran)遗(yi)迹、自然(ran)景观(guan)及(ji)(ji)珍稀濒危(wei)物(wu)(wu)(wu)种种群和(he)极小种群保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)护(hu)，完(wan)善生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)资源(yuan)迁(qian)地(di)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)存繁育体(ti)系(xi)。着力提升(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)安全(quan)(quan)管(guan)理水(shui)平(ping)(ping)，依法(fa)加(jia)强生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)技(ji)术环境安全(quan)(quan)监测(ce)管(guan)理，建立健全(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)遗(yi)传(chuan)资源(yuan)获(huo)取与惠(hui)益(yi)分(fen)享监管(guan)制度，持(chi)续提升(sheng)外来入(ru)侵物(wu)(wu)(wu)种防控管(guan)理水(shui)平(ping)(ping)。

    坚持(chi)夯(hang)实基础，提升(sheng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)样(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)性治(zhi)理能(neng)力。保(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)态(tai)环(huan)(huan)境(jing)必(bi)须(xu)依(yi)靠(kao)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)，依(yi)靠(kao)法(fa)(fa)治(zhi)。必(bi)须(xu)坚持(chi)用最(zui)严(yan)格的制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)和(he)(he)最(zui)严(yan)密(mi)的法(fa)(fa)治(zhi)保(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)态(tai)环(huan)(huan)境(jing)，完善(shan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)样(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)性保(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)体制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)机(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)(he)政(zheng)策制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)体系，提高生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)样(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)性治(zhi)理能(neng)力。要健(jian)全(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)样(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)性保(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)与监(jian)管(guan)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)，研究推进野(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)动物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)保(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、渔(yu)业、湿(shi)地(di)保(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、自然保(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)地(di)、森林(lin)、野(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)保(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)等领(ling)域(yu)法(fa)(fa)律(lv)法(fa)(fa)规的制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)定修(xiu)订工作(zuo)，各地(di)可(ke)因(yin)地(di)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宜出(chu)台相应的生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)样(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)性保(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)地(di)方(fang)性法(fa)(fa)规。健(jian)全(quan)(quan)(quan)自然保(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)地(di)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)态(tai)保(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)补偿制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)，完善(shan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)态(tai)环(huan)(huan)境(jing)损(sun)害赔偿制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)，健(jian)全(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)样(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)性损(sun)害鉴定评(ping)(ping)估方(fang)法(fa)(fa)和(he)(he)工作(zuo)机(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，完善(shan)打击(ji)野(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)动植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)非法(fa)(fa)贸(mao)易制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)。加大(da)执法(fa)(fa)和(he)(he)监(jian)督(du)检查力度(du)(du)(du)，将危(wei)害国家(jia)重点保(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)野(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)动植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)及其(qi)栖息地(di)行(xing)为(wei)和(he)(he)整治(zhi)情况纳入(ru)中央生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)态(tai)环(huan)(huan)境(jing)保(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)督(du)察，持(chi)续开展“绿(lv)盾”自然保(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)地(di)强化监(jian)督(du)等专(zhuan)项行(xing)动。严(yan)厉打击(ji)非法(fa)(fa)猎捕、采集、运输、交易野(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)动植(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)及其(qi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)品等违(wei)法(fa)(fa)犯罪行(xing)为(wei)。编制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)样(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)性保(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)重大(da)工程十年(nian)规划，加快构建生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)样(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)性保(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)监(jian)测网(wang)络，完善(shan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)样(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)性评(ping)(ping)估体系，开展生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)样(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)性影(ying)响评(ping)(ping)价。发挥各级政(zheng)府在生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)样(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)性保(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)中的主导作(zuo)用，建立(li)健(jian)全(quan)(quan)(quan)企(qi)事业单位、社会组织和(he)(he)公(gong)众参与生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)多(duo)(duo)样(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)性保(bao)(bao)护(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)的长效(xiao)机(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。

坚(jian)持推(tui)动(dong)构(gou)(gou)建人类命运共同(tong)体，积极参(can)与(yu)(yu)全球(qiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)多(duo)样(yang)(yang)性(xing)(xing)(xing)治(zhi)理。地(di)球(qiu)是人类的(de)(de)(de)共同(tong)家园(yuan)，面对(dui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)多(duo)样(yang)(yang)性(xing)(xing)(xing)丧失等全球(qiu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)挑战，各国是风雨同(tong)舟(zhou)的(de)(de)(de)命运共同(tong)体。必(bi)须秉持人类命运共同(tong)体理念，坚(jian)持以多(duo)边主义为(wei)引领(ling)，积极参(can)与(yu)(yu)全球(qiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)多(duo)样(yang)(yang)性(xing)(xing)(xing)治(zhi)理进程，充分发(fa)挥我国作为(wei)全球(qiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)态文明建设重要参(can)与(yu)(yu)者(zhe)、贡献者(zhe)、引领(ling)者(zhe)作用，不(bu)断(duan)增强在全球(qiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)多(duo)样(yang)(yang)性(xing)(xing)(xing)治(zhi)理和(he)(he)可持续发(fa)展(zhan)领(ling)域(yu)的(de)(de)(de)话(hua)语权和(he)(he)影(ying)响力(li)。认真(zhen)履(lv)行(xing)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)多(duo)样(yang)(yang)性(xing)(xing)(xing)公(gong)约、湿地(di)公(gong)约、濒危(wei)野生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)动(dong)植物(wu)种国际(ji)贸(mao)易公(gong)约等生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)多(duo)样(yang)(yang)性(xing)(xing)(xing)相(xiang)关(guan)的(de)(de)(de)国际(ji)条约，积极参(can)与(yu)(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)多(duo)样(yang)(yang)性(xing)(xing)(xing)相(xiang)关(guan)国际(ji)标准制定(ding)(ding)，加强生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)多(duo)样(yang)(yang)性(xing)(xing)(xing)保护与(yu)(yu)绿色发(fa)展(zhan)领(ling)域(yu)的(de)(de)(de)双多(duo)边对(dui)话(hua)合作，推(tui)动(dong)知(zhi)识、信息、科技交流(liu)和(he)(he)成(cheng)果共享。筹备(bei)好COP15第(di)二(er)阶段会议，推(tui)动(dong)制定(ding)(ding)“2020年(nian)后全球(qiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)多(duo)样(yang)(yang)性(xing)(xing)(xing)框架”，构(gou)(gou)建公(gong)正合理、各尽所能的(de)(de)(de)全球(qiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)多(duo)样(yang)(yang)性(xing)(xing)(xing)治(zhi)理体系，为(wei)构(gou)(gou)建地(di)球(qiu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命共同(tong)体作出(chu)新的(de)(de)(de)更大(da)贡献。